Statistical Analysis of Traffic Accident Behavior by Provinces of Ecuador, 2023

Abstract

This article focuses on the analysis of traffic accidents in Ecuadorian provinces during the year 2023. Using multivariate statistical methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and its robust variant MacroPCA, we seek to identify patterns and correlations between different types of vehicles involved in accidents and the provinces of Ecuador. The study reveals that the provinces of Guayas and Pichincha show a high incidence of accidents with outliers in most of the vehicles analyzed, while provinces such as Galapagos, Esmeraldas, Carchi, Cañar and Bolivar do not show significant atypicalities. It is also noted that most traffic accidents in Ecuador involve automobiles, motorcycles and unidentified vehicles. The provinces with the highest risk, according to the analysis, are Pichincha and Guayas, which need specific road safety policies due to the high variability in the types of vehicles involved in crashes.