Impact of the family environment on academic performance in adolescents

Abstract

The family environment plays a crucial role in the development and academic performance of adolescents. Factors such as emotional support, homework supervision, and parents' educational level can significantly influence academic performance. The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize empirical evidence on the influence of the family environment on the academic performance of adolescents. A comprehensive search was conducted in academic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using key terms such as “family environment,” “academic achievement,” and “adolescents.” Studies published between 2000 and 2023 were included that analyzed the relationship between the family environment and academic performance in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. Of the 150 studies initially identified, 35 met the inclusion criteria. The results indicate that emotional support from parents, participation in school activities, and a structured and stable family environment are positively associated with better academic performance. Family dysfunction and lack of supervision correlate with lower academic performance. The review highlights the importance of the family environment in the academic performance of adolescents.