Impacto de la actividad física en la prevención y tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adultos
Resumen
La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 es una enfermedad caracterizada por hiperglucemia causada por la resistencia a la insulina y/o es deficiente su secreción. La presente revisión sistemática tiene como objetivo analizar la evidencia científica con respecto el impacto de la actividad física en la prevención y tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo II en adultos. Se realiza una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Google académico de estudios controlados aleatorizados y ensayos clínicos publicados en los últimos diez años, en los que se analiza el efecto de la actividad física en la regulación glucémica y la sensibilidad a la insulina. De los 100 estudios identificados, 63 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados indican que la Actividad Física regular mejora significativamente la sensibilidad a la insulina y reduce los niveles de glucosa en sangre, al combinarse el ejercicio físico con modificaciones dietéticas se contribuye a la reducción de los niveles de hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c) y la pérdida de peso corporal. Los programas supervisados resultaron más efectivos que los no supervisados. Se concluye, la Actividad Física es un componente clave en la prevención y tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, y su inclusión en estrategias de salud pública es fundamental para mejorar el control glicémico y reducir complicaciones.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Mireya Pérez Rodríguez,Raymundo Pérez Urquiza,Annety Beatriz Aguilera Cruz,Luz María Contreras Velázquez
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObrasDerivadas 4.0.